How much influence do individuals have on public opinion in their society?
By: CHIM Linna

People are the most important elements of each nation, and they live under the watchful eye of their own government, which restricts their walking path by law recognized by the legislature in each nation. People in democratic countries have more freedom to express their opinions and make suggestions to the governing system than in communist regimes.

In fact, public opinion influences people's lives when they begin to express their opinions on political and social matters. Furthermore, public opinion influences both democratic and non-democratic regimes.

Public opinion is influenced by both relatively permanent situations and transient factors. Among these are ideas that define popular culture in a specific location and time period. In the United States, for example, the youth-oriented society of the late twentieth century has influenced many people's attitudes regarding aging and the elderly.

Other fairly permanent variables, such as ethnicity, religion, geographical location, economic status, and educational level, can have a significant impact on an individual's or a group's attitudes on a wide range of topics.

Certain transient elements influence public attitudes, such as the impact of current events and the opinions of powerful or authoritative people; the effect of mass communications media; and concerted initiatives by public relations experts.
If people are going to live together in society, they must establish specific rules, laws, or regulations to demonstrate that their society has a stable structure. This allows society to function with minimal conflict and disruption.A dictatorship's rules are imposed on the majority of the population by a tiny group of people who control the instruments of power. The public have little or no say in selecting what types of controls will be utilized. However, in a democracy, controls are based on the voluntary assent of at least a majority of the members of society.

Leaders in many early societies, as well as some governments today, utilized force or violence to persuade their people to follow the norms. In other circumstances, the threat of violence is sufficient. Some leaders have used fraud to fool the public. To protect their citizens against fraud, governments have enacted laws prohibiting unethical acts in medical, advertising, and sales, among other industries.

Cambodia is presently one of the countries that adhere to democratic principles. However, it continues to encounter challenges in terms of economics, culture, the environment, and, particularly, the political climate during the election year. However, as compared to other countries that practice communist doctrine, this country is more receptive to citizens expressing their opinions or exercising their right to free expression.

When given the opportunity to exert their power, people can fundamentally transform the situation in a single country. They can remove their leader from power if they believe he is unfit to manage the country or lacks the necessary qualifications. For example, the People Power Movement, a four-day rally in Manila in 1986, forced Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos into exile and brought an end to his 14-year dictatorship in the Republic of the Philippines.

People's positions on any public topic are influenced by a variety of factors, including their values and attitudes. Some people are well-informed or make an attempt to become so, while others make snap decisions based on superficial perceptions. Some folks act quite independently. Other people are primarily impacted by the opinions of their friends and associates. People with a wealth of knowledge frequently hold opposing views. They view information differently due of their respective interests, aspirations, concerns, and prejudices.

Some people, particularly celebrities, frequently wield far more influence than others in the process of opinion creation. Such a person frequently appears to know all of the facts and has an exceptional capacity to determine how they should be handled.

As a result, this individual may loudly and aggressively encourage others to embrace a specific viewpoint or course of action. Leadership can also be exercised by unknown or ordinary people who, either individually or in small groups, gradually propagate their views through word of mouth.

They have the potential to make a significant impact on public opinion over time. When the government or a leader notices a situation that makes people suspicious, the leader can hold a public forum in which people can express their opinions on whether they support or oppose the government. Furthermore, anybody can make a request to the leader to clarify his position to the public. Opinion leaders are those who have a greater than typical impact over the opinions of others.

They could be people we interact with in person, people we see on television, or people we read about. They are people we admire and trust, such as a close family member, a teacher, a movie star, a rock musician, a newscaster, a politician, and so on. These people frequently serve as interpreters, explaining what we see and experience. The opinion leaders we see in person usually have a greater influence on what we think than those we encounter indirectly through television or print media.

Manifestation is the most visible way for people to demonstrate their ability to express their opinions when the authorities are blind and deaf.

One item was published in the newspaper with the intention of revealing people's reactions in order to defend their interests. More than 400 people disrupted development at the Angkor Borei market in Takeo province (Cambodia). "We are not fighting against the market's renovation, but we are against the work they are doing on the roadside and outside the market's fence," said Um Theive, an Angkor Borei district villager.

According to protester Ngoy Mitmetry, the work will narrow the route and make it harder for poor people from outlying areas who do not have market stalls to sell their crops. The repair is needed, Disputed District Governor Chhiev Hou stated. "Now it is filthy and there is no sewage system. It is tough for consumers to purchase goods from it. According to Chhiev Hou, residents will face arrest if they halt work again. Protesters filed a complaint with the human rights organization Adhoc. "We are investigating," said Men Makara, Takeo province's Adhoc coordinator. "A road is state property, and anyone building on one is violating the law."

Democracy is based on a balance of power among different groups rather than on power held by one or a few groups. It is the foundation for ensuring citizens' freedom to know the facts about public affairs, to ensure full, free public debate, and to make more effective public decisions.

In the United States, a variety of such controls exist. For example, the Constitution establishes a thorough system of checks and balances. Congress and the Supreme Court provide checks and balances for the presidency. The president and the Supreme Court provide checks and balances to Congress. The president and Congress maintain a balance on the Supreme Court. Furthermore, the writers of the Constitution recognized that further safeguards were required to protect the individual from any single organization that could acquire power. The first ten amendments, collectively known as the Bill of Rights, were adopted to the Constitution to further safeguard citizens' ideas, privileges, and opportunities.

Today, contemporary communication raises widespread awareness of contentious problems and shared interests; publics are typically broad and impersonal.

The concept of public opinion also assumes that everyone has a general awareness of the events or situations being condemned or supported.

People have various perspectives on their own country's circumstances. Some countries grant people freedom of expression, allowing them to express their opinions and even directly judge the government system, whereas others only grant people the term "freedom of expression," and in reality, people cannot speak freely against/attack the government unless they observe some unusual circumstances.